Pentagon bio-weapons

Dilyana Gaytandzhieva is a Bulgarian investigative announcer and Heart East Correspondent. Over the concluding two years she has published a series of reports on weapons smuggling to ISIS in Syria. In the by year she came nether pressure from the Bulgarian National Security Agency and was fired from her job in the Bulgarian paper Trud Daily, without explanation. Despite this, Dilyana continues her investigations. The following report, get-go published on South Front, provides an overview of the Pentagon's secretive development of biological weapons in bio-labs effectually the earth.

@dgaytandzhieva

The US Army regularly produces deadly viruses, bacteria and toxins in direct violation of the UN Convention on the prohibition of Biological Weapons. Hundreds of thousands of unwitting people are systematically exposed to dangerous pathogens and other incurable diseases. Bio warfare scientists using diplomatic cover test man-made viruses at Pentagon bio laboratories in 25 countries across the world. These Us bio-laboratories are funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under a $ 2.i billion military program - Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP) - and are located in quondam Soviet Spousal relationship countries such as Georgia and Ukraine, the Middle East, Southward East Asia and Africa.

Pentagon's Biolabs


The Lugar Center, Republic of Georgia

The Lugar Center, Democracy of Georgia

Vaziani Air Base

The US Army has been deployed to Vaziani Military Air Base, 17 km away from the Pentagon bio-laboratory at the Lugar Middle.

Georgia is a Testing Footing For Bioweapons

The Lugar Middle is the Pentagon bio laboratory in Georgia. Information technology is located just 17 km away from the U.s.a. Vaziani military machine airbase in the capital Tbilisi. Tasked with the military program are biologists from the US Army Medical Research Unit of measurement-Georgia (USAMRU-G) along with private contractors. The Bio-safety Level 3 Laboratory is accessible only to The states citizens with security clearance. They are accorded diplomatic immunity under the 2002 Usa-Georgia Agreement on defense cooperation.

DOT requirements

Defense Agreement

The USA-Georgia understanding accords diplomatic status to the US armed services and civilian personnel (including diplomatic vehicles), working on the Pentagon plan in Georgia.

Data obtained from the US federal contracts registry clarifies some of the military machine activities at the Lugar Centre - among them inquiry on bio-agents (anthrax, tularemia) and viral diseases (due east.g. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever), and the collection of biological samples for future experiments.

Pentagon Contractors Produce Bio Agents Under Diplomatic Comprehend

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has outsourced much of the work under the armed forces program to private companies, which are non held accountable to Congress, and which tin can operate more than freely and move around the rule of law. US civilian personnel performing work at the Lugar Heart have also been given diplomatic amnesty, although they are non diplomats. Hence, private companies can perform piece of work, under diplomatic cover, for the US government without being under the straight control of the host state - in this case the Commonwealth of Georgia. This practice is often used by the CIA to provide cover for its agents.

DTRA contractors

Three private American companies piece of work at the US bio-laboratory in Tbilisi - CH2M Hill, Battelle and Metabiota. In addition to the Pentagon, these private contractors perform biological research for the CIA and various other regime agencies.

CH2M Loma has been awarded $341.five million DTRA contracts nether the Pentagon's program for bio-laboratories in Georgia, Uganda, Tanzania, Iraq, Afghanistan, South E Asia. Half of this sum ($161.1 million) is allocated to the Lugar Centre under the Georgian contract.

According to CH2M Hill, the US Company has secured biological agents and employed former bio-warfare scientists at the Lugar Center. These are scientists who are working for another American company involved in the armed forces program in Georgia - Battelle Memorial Establish.

As a $59 million subcontractor at the Lugar Centre, Battelle has extensive experience in research on bio-agents, every bit the company has already worked on the US Bio-weapons Program nether 11 previous contracts with the US Ground forces (1952-1966).

Contractors

Source: The states Army Activities in the United states of america, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. 2, 1977, p. 82

The individual company performs work for the Pentagon'due south DTRA bio laboratories in Afghanistan, Armenia, Georgia, Republic of uganda, Tanzania, Iraq, Afghanistan and Vietnam. Battelle conducts research, development, testing, and evaluation using both highly toxic chemicals and highly pathogenic biological agents for a broad range of Us government agencies. Information technology has been awarded some $2 billion federal contracts in total, and ranks 23 on the Top 100 Usa authorities contractors list.

The CIA-Battelle Project Clear Vision

Projection Clear Vision (1997 and 2000), a joint investigation by the CIA and the Battelle Memorial Plant, nether a contract awarded by the Agency, reconstructed and tested a Soviet-era anthrax bomblet in society to test its dissemination characteristics. The project's stated goal was to assess bio-agents dissemination characteristics of bomblets. The clandestine CIA-Battelle operation was omitted from the The states Biological Weapons Convention declarations submitted to the UN.

Anthrax spores under microscope

Anthrax spores under microscope

Top Secret Experiments

Battelle has operated a Top Hugger-mugger Bio laboratory (National Biodefense Assay and Countermeasures Center - NBACC) at Fort Detrick, Maryland, under a US Section of Homeland Security (DHS) contract for the terminal decade. The visitor has been awarded a $344.four million federal contract (2006 - 2016) and another $17.3 million contract (2015 -2026) past DHS.

NBACC

© DHS
NBACC is classified equally a US Acme Underground facility.

Among the secret experiments performed by Battelle at NBACC, are: Cess of powder dissemination technology, Cess of hazard posed by aerosolized toxins, and Assessment of virulence of B. Pseudomallei (Meliodosis) every bit a function of aerosol particle in not-human primates. Melioidosis has the potential to be adult equally a biological weapon, hence information technology is classed every bit a category B. Bioterrorism Agent. B. Pseudomallei was studied by the Us as a potential bioweapon in the past.

Biowarfare scientists

Likewise the military machine experiments at the Lugar Eye in Georgia, Battelle has already produced bioterrorism agents at the Biosafety Level 4 NBACC Top Cloak-and-dagger Laboratory at Fort Detrick in the Usa. An NBACC presentation lists 16 research priorities for the lab, including to narrate classical, emerging and genetically-engineered pathogens for their BTA (biological threat agent) potential; assess the nature of nontraditional, novel and non-endemic induction of illness from potential BTA; and to expand aerosol-challenge testing capacity for non-human being primates.

NBACC lab

© NBACC
Scientists engineer pathogens at the NBACC lab.

Pentagon Biolabs at The epicenter of The Ebola Crisis

The US Visitor Metabiota Inc. has been awarded $18.iv million federal contracts under the Pentagon'due south DTRA program in Georgia and Ukraine for scientific and technical consulting services.

Metabiota services include global field-based biological threat enquiry, pathogen discovery, outbreak response and clinical trials.

Metabiota Inc. had been contracted by the Pentagon to perform work for DTRA before and during the Ebola crisis in West Africa, and was awarded $three.1 million (2012-2015) for work in Sierra Leone - ane of the countries at the epicenter of the Ebola outbreak.

Metabiota labs

Metabiota worked on the Pentagon'due south project at the epicenter of the Ebola crunch, where three Usa biolabs are situated.

Ebola Crisis

A July 17, 2022 study, drafted past the Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium, accused Metabiota Inc. of failing to abide past an existing understanding on how to report test results and for bypassing the Sierra Leonean scientists working there. The report besides raised the possibility that Metabiota was culturing claret cells at the lab, something the report said was unsafe, likewise equally misdiagnosing healthy patients. All of those allegations were denied by Metabiota.

Lugar Center

2011, the Lugar Heart, Andrew C. Weber (on the right) - US Assistant Secretarial assistant of Defense (2009-2014), U.s. DoD Deputy Coordinator for Ebola Response (2014-2015), is currently a Metabiota (US contractor) employee.

Military Experiments on Biting Insects

Entomological warfare is a type of biological warfare that uses insects to transmit diseases. The Pentagon has allegedly performed such entomological tests in Georgia and Russian federation.

mosquito

Biting Flies in Georgia

In 2022 The Lugar Center was equipped with an insect facility and launched a projection titled 'Raising Awareness about Barcoding of Sand Flies in Georgia and Caucasus'. The project covered a larger geographic area exterior of Georgia - the Caucasus region. In 2014-2015 Phlebotomine sand wing species were nerveless nether some other project, 'Surveillance Work on Astute Febrile Disease' and all (female person) sand flies were tested to determine their infectivity rate. A third project, too including sand flies collection, studied the characteristics of their salivary glands.

A biting fly

A biting fly in a bathroom in Tbilisi, Georgia

As a result, Tbilisi has been infested with biting flies since 2015. These biting insects alive indoors, in bathrooms, all year long, which was not the typical behavior of these species in Georgia previously (normally the Phlebotomine fly season in Georgia is uncommonly brusk - from June to September). Local people complain of beingness bitten by these newly-appeared flies while naked in their bathrooms. They also take a strong resistance to cold and tin can survive even in sub-nada temperatures in the mountains.

Bitter Flies in Dagestan, Russia

Since the offset of the Pentagon projection in 2014, flies similar to those in Georgia have appeared in neighboring Dagestan (Russia). According to local people, they seize with teeth and cause rashes. Their breeding habitats are business firm drains.

Lugar Center map

biting flies

Flies in Georgia (on the left). The same fly in Dagestan (on the correct)

Flies from the Phlebotomine family carry dangerous parasites in their saliva which they transmit through a bite to humans. The disease, which these flies carry, is of high interest to the Pentagon. In 2003 during the US invasion of Iraq, American soldiers were severely bitten past sand flies and contracted Leishmoniasis. The disease is native to Iraq and Transitional islamic state of afghanistan, and if left untreated the acute course of Leishmoniasis can be fatal.

A 1967 US Ground forces report 'Arthropods of medical importance in Asia and the European USSR' lists all local insects, their distribution and the diseases that they deport. Biting flies, which live in drains, are also listed in the document. Their natural habitat, though, is the Philippines, non Georgia or Russian federation.

US Army material

'Arthropods of medical importance in Asia and the European USSR', U.s.a. Army report, 1967

sand flies


Operation Whitecoat: Infected Flies Tested to Seize with teeth Humans

In 1970 and 1972, Sand Fly Fever tests were performed on humans according to a declassified The states Ground forces report - 'Us Army Activities in the Usa, Biological Warfare Programs, 1977, vol. Ii, p. 203'. During Operation Whitecoat, volunteers were exposed to bites by infected sand flies. Operation Whitecoat was a bio-defense medical research programme carried out by the The states Army at Fort Detrick, Maryland, betwixt 1954 and 1973.

Despite the official termination of the US bio-weapons program, in 1982 USAMRIID performed an experiment to see if sand flies and mosquitoes could exist vectors of Rift Valley Virus, Dengue, Chikungunya and Eastern Equine Encephalitis - viruses which the The states Army researched for their potential as bio-weapons.

Killer Insects

A. Aegypti

The Pentagon has a long history in using insects as vectors for diseases. According to a partially declassified 1981 US Army report, American bio warfare scientists carried out a number of experiments on insects. These operations were part of US Entomological Warfare nether the Program for Biological Weapons of the US.

The Pentagon: How to Impale 625,000 People For Just $0.29 Cost Per Death

A US Army study in 1981 compared two scenarios - 16 simultaneous attacks on a city past A. Aegypti mosquitoes, infected with Yellowish Fever, and Tularemia aerosol attack, and assessed their effectiveness in terms of price and casualties.

Yellow Fever memo

cost for death

Functioning Big Itch: Field tests were performed to determine coverage patterns and survivability of the tropical rat flea Xenopsylla cheopis for employ as a disease vector in biological warfare.

Performance Big Buzz: one one thousand thousand A. Aegypti mosquitoes were produced, one/3 were placed in munitions and dropped from aircraft, or dispersed on the ground. The mosquitoes survived the airdrop and actively sought out human blood.

history of field testing

Evaluation of Entomological Warfare as a potential Danger to the US and European NATO nations, US Army, March 1981 Report

Operation May Twenty-four hours: Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes were dispersed through ground-based methods in Georgia, USA, during a Us Army operation codenamed May Twenty-four hour period.

Operation May Day

Parts of the 1981 Usa Ground forces report such as the "Mass production of Aedes Aegypti" have non been declassified, potentially pregnant that the projection is still ongoing.

Aedes Aegypti, as well known equally yellow fever mosquito, have been widely used in U.s.a. military operations. The same species of mosquitoes are alleged to exist the vectors of dengue, chikungunya and the Zika virus, which causes genetic malformations in newborns

Functioning Bellweather: The US Army Chemical Enquiry and Development Command, Biological Weapons Branch, studied outdoor mosquito bitter activity in a number of field tests at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, in 1960. Virgin female person Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which had been starved, were tested upon troops out in the open air.

Operation Bellweather

For reference: OutdoorMosquito Biting Activity Studies,Projection Bellweather I, 1960, Technical Report, US Army, Dugway Proving Ground

Military Experiments With Tropical Mosquitoes and Ticks in Georgia

Such species of mosquitoes and fleas (studied in the past nether the US Entomological Warfare Program) take also been nerveless in Georgia and tested at the Lugar Center.

Nether the DTRA project 'Virus and Other Arboviruses in Georgia' in 2014, the never-before-seen tropical mosquito Aedes albopictus was detected for the first time and later on an absence of decades (60 years), the beingness of Aedes Aegypti musquito was confirmed in west Georgia.

Aedes Albopictus

Aedes Albopictus is a vector of many viral pathogens, Xanthous fever virus, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika.

These tropical mosquitoes Aedes Albopictus, having never been seen before in Georgia, have also been detected in neighboring Russian federation (Krasnodar) and Turkey. According to information provided by the European Centre for Affliction Prevention and Control, their spread is unusual for this part of the world.

Aedes Albopictus distribution

Click to see the full-size image

Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes have been distributed only in Georgia, southern Russia and northern Turkey. They were detected for the kickoff fourth dimension in 2022 later on the start of the Pentagon program at the Lugar Centre.

Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes

Click to come across the total-size image

Under another DTRA project, 'Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Georgia' (2013-2016), half-dozen,148 basis ticks were nerveless; 5,871 were collected off cattle and i,310 fleas and 731 ticks were defenseless. In 2022 a further 21,590 ticks were collected and studied at the Lugar Eye.

Anthrax Outbreak in Georgia and NATO Human Trials

In 2007 Georgia concluded its policy of having compulsory annual livestock anthrax vaccination. As a result, the morbidity rate of the affliction reached its peak in 2013. The same year NATO started human being-based anthrax vaccine tests at the Lugar Center in Georgia.

vaccine stats

Click to see the full-size image

In 2007, despite the anthrax outbreak, the Georgian government terminated compulsory vaccination for vii years. 2013 saw NATO brainstorm man trials on a new anthrax vaccine in Georgia.

anthrax vaccine

Pentagon Research on Russian Anthrax

Anthrax is one of the bio agents weaponized by the U.s. Army in the by. Despite the Pentagon'due south claims that its program is only defensive, there are facts to the reverse. In 2022 at the Lugar Center American scientists carried out inquiry on the 'Genome Sequence of the Soviet/Russian Bacillus anthracis Vaccine Strain 55-VNIIVViM', which was funded by the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency'southward (DTRA) Cooperative Biological Engagement Program in Tbilisi, and administered by Metabiota (the US contractor under the Pentagon programme in Georgia).

In 2022 the DTRA funded further research - 'X Genome Sequences of Homo and Livestock Isolates of Bacillus anthracis from the Country of Georgia' - which was performed by USAMRU-G at the Lugar Eye.

34 People Intentionally-Infected With Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Georgia

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is caused by infection through a tick-borne virus (Nairovirus). The affliction was first characterized in Crimea in 1944 and given the name Crimean hemorrhagic fever. Information technology was and so after recognized in 1969 as the cause of disease in Congo, thus resulting in the electric current proper noun of the disease. In 2022 34 people became infected (including a iv-year sometime kid) with CCHF. Three of them died. The aforementioned year, Pentagon biologists studied the virus in Georgia under the DTRA project 'Epidemiology of febrile illnesses acquired by Dengue viruses and other Arboviruses in Georgia'. The project included tests on patients with fever symptoms and the collection of ticks, as possible vectors of CCHFV for laboratory assay.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

CCHF Cases in Humans

© NCDC-Georgia

The cause of the CCHF outbreak in Georgia is still unknown. According to the local Veterinary Department report, only i tick from all of the collected species from the infected villages tested positive for the affliction. Despite the claims of local authorities that the virus was transmitted to humans from animals, all beast claret samples were negative too. The lack of infected ticks and animals is inexplicable given the sharp increase of CCHF human being cases in 2014, meaning that the outbreak was not natural and the virus was spread intentionally.

In 2022 another 21,590 ticks were nerveless for DNA databases for future studies at the Lugar Center under the Pentagon projection 'Assessing the Seroprevalence and Genetic Multifariousness of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) and Hantaviruses in Georgia'.

Symptoms of CCHF

Military Bio-lab Blamed For Deadly CCHF Outbreak in Afghanistan

237 cases of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) have also been reported beyond Afghanistan, 41 of which were fatal as of December 2017. Co-ordinate to Afghanistan'south Ministry building of Health, near of the cases have been registered in the capital Kabul, where 71 cases have been reported with 13 fatalities, and in the province of Herat near the edge with Islamic republic of iran (67 cases).

CCHF cases Afghanistan

CCHF outbreak bio-lab

Afghanistan is one of 25 countries across the globe with Pentagon bio-laboratories on their territory. The project in Afghanistan is part of the US bio-defense program - Cooperative Biological Appointment Program (CBEP), which is funded past the Defense Threat Reduction Bureau (DTRA). The DTRA contractors, working at the Lugar Heart in Georgia, CH2M Hill and Battelle, take also been contracted for the programme in Transitional islamic state of afghanistan. CH2M Loma has been awarded a $10.iv 1000000 contract (2013-2017). The Pentagon contractors in Afghanistan and Georgia are the same, so are the diseases which are spreading amidst the local population in both countries.

Why The Pentagon Collects And Studies Bats

Bats are allegedly the reservoir hosts to the Ebola Virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and other deadly diseases. However, the precise ways these viruses are transmitted to humans are currently unknown. Numerous studies have been performed nether the DTRA Cooperative Biological Appointment Program (CBEP) in a search for deadly pathogens of military importance in bats.

Pentagon bats

221 bats were euthanized at the Lugar Centre for research purposes in 2014.

euthanizing bats

Bats have been blamed for the deadly Ebola outbreak in Africa (2014-2016). However, no conclusive evidence of exactly how the virus 'jumped' to humans has ever been provided, which raises suspicions of intentional and not natural infection.

Engineering Deadly Viruses is Legal in the US

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) first appeared in 2012 and is thought to accept originated in bats and spread direct to humans and/or camels. However, like Ebola, the precise ways the virus spreads are unknown.

i,980 cases with 699 deaths caused by MERS-CoV were reported in 15 countries beyond the world (as of June 2017).

MERS deaths

© WHO
3 to 4 out of every 10 patients reported with MERS accept died.

MERS-CoV is one of the viruses that accept been engineered by the US and studied by the Pentagon, as well every bit influenza and SARS. Confirmation of this exercise is Obama's 2022 temporary ban on government funding for such 'dual-employ' research. The moratorium was lifted in 2022 and experiments take connected. Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens (PPPs) experiments are legal in the US.

Such experiments aim to increase the transmissibility and/or virulence of pathogens.

Tularemia as Bioweapon

Tularemia, besides known as Rabbit Fever, is classified as a bioterrorism agent and was developed as such in the past past the The states. Withal, the Pentagon's research on tularemia continues, also as on possible vectors of the bacteria such equally ticks and rodents, which cause the disease. The DTRA has launched a number of projects on Tularemia forth with other especially dangerous pathogens in Georgia.

Particularly Unsafe Pathogens (EDPs), or select agents, stand for a major concern for public wellness globally. These highly pathogenic agents have the potential to be weaponized, with proof of their military machine importance seen through the following Pentagon projects: Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Georgia (2013-2016) (lx,000 vectors were collected for strain isolates and genome enquiry); Epidemiology of Human Tularemia in Georgia; and Human Illness Epidemiology and Surveillance of Especially Dangerous Pathogens in Georgia (report of select agents among patients with undifferentiated fever and hemorrhagic fever/septic shock).

Human Tularemia

F. Tularensis is a highly infectious bacterium and has the potential to be weaponized for use through aerosol attacks.

cost summary 1

cost summary 2

Tularemia is one of the bio-weapons that the US Ground forces adult in the by.

Source: 1981 Usa Army Report

Pentagon Bio-laboratories Spread Diseases in Ukraine

11 Pentagon Biolabs

eleven Pentagon Biolaboratories in Ukraine and effectually Russian federation. Click to see total-size image

The DoD Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has funded 11 bio-laboratories in Ukraine, which also borders on Russia:

DTRA 1

DTRA 2

DTRA 3

DTRA 4

DTRA 5

DTRA 6

DTRA 7

DTRA 8

DTRA 8

DTRA 9

DTRA 10

The US Military machine Program is Sensitive Information

Ukraine has no control over the military bio-laboratories on its ain territory. According to the 2005 Agreement between the U.s.a. Section of Defense and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the Ukrainian government is prohibited from public disclosure of sensitive information about the Us program and Ukraine is obliged to transfer to the United states DoD dangerous pathogens for biological inquiry. The Pentagon has been granted access to certain country secrets of Ukraine in connectedness with the projects under their understanding:

agreement1

agreement2

Biowarfare Scientists Under Diplomatic Cover

Among the set of bilateral agreements between the US and Ukraine is the institution of the Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU) - an international organisation funded mainly by the US government which has been accorded diplomatic status. The STCU officially supports projects of scientists previously involved in the Soviet biological weapons plan. Over the by xx years the STCU has invested over $285 million in funding and managing some ane,850 projects of scientists who previously worked on the evolution of weapons of mass destruction.

Protocol memo

The US personnel in Ukraine work under diplomatic encompass.

364 Ukrainians Died From Swine Flu

One of the Pentagon laboratories is located in Kharkiv, where in January 2022 at to the lowest degree 20 Ukrainian soldiers died from a flu-like virus in just ii days, with 200 more existence hospitalized. The Ukrainian authorities did not report on the expressionless Ukrainian soldiers in Kharkiv. Equally of March 2016, 364 deaths were reported across Ukraine (81.3 % caused by Swine Flu A (H1N1) pdm09 - the same strain which caused the world pandemic in 2009).

Ukraine Swine Flu

Click to encounter the full-size image

According to Donetsk People'southward Republic (DPR) intelligence information, the US bio-lab in Kharkiv leaked the deadly virus.

Constabulary Investigate Infection With Incurable Disease

Late terminal year, a highly suspicious Hepatitis A infection spread chop-chop in just few months across South East Ukraine, where most of the Pentagon biolabs are located.

hundreds infected hepatitis A

Click to come across the full-size epitome

37 people have been hospitalized for Hepatitis A in the Ukrainian urban center of Mykolaiv equally of January 2018. Local law take launched an investigation into "infection with human immunodeficiency virus and other incurable diseases." Three years agone more than 100 people in the same urban center became infected with Cholera. Both diseases are declared to have spread through contaminated drinking water.

In the summer of 2017, 60 people with Hepatitis A were admitted to hospital in the city of Zaporizhia. The cause of this outbreak is still unknown.

In the Odessa region, 19 children from an orphanage were hospitalized for hepatitis A in June 2017.

29 cases of Hepatitis A were reported in Kharkiv in November 2017. The virus was isolated in contaminated drinking water. One of the Pentagon bio-labs located in Kharkiv was blamed for the deadly Flu outbreak a year agone that claimed the lives of 364 Ukrainians.

Ukraine And Russia Striking By New Highly Virulent Cholera Infection

In 2011 Ukraine was hit by a cholera outbreak. 33 patients were reportedly hospitalized for severe diarrhea. A 2nd outbreak struck the country in 2022 when more than than 800 people all across Ukraine were reported to have contracted the affliction. In 2022 at least 100 new cases were registered in the metropolis of Mykolaiv lone.

Mariupol and Mykolaiv

Click to see the full-size prototype

Vibrio Cholera

A new highly virulent variant of the cholera agent Vibrio cholera, with a high genetic similarity to the strains reported in Ukraine, hitting Moscow in 2014. Co-ordinate to a 2022 Russian Research Anti-Plaque Institute genetic report, the cholera strain isolated in Moscow was similar to the bacteria which acquired the epidemic in neighboring Ukraine.

Southern Research Institute, one of the Us contractors working at the bio-laboratories in Ukraine, has projects on Cholera, likewise every bit on Influenza and Zika - all pathogens of military importance to the Pentagon.

Along with Southern Research Institute, ii other private American companies operate military bio-labs in Ukraine - Blackness & Veatch and Metabiota.

DTRA contractors Ukraine

Black & Veatch Special Project Corp. was awarded $198.vii million in DTRA contracts to build and operate bio-laboratories in Ukraine (under two five-yr contracts in 2008 and 2012 totaling $128.5 million), likewise every bit in Deutschland, Azerbaijan, Cameroon, Thailand, Federal democratic republic of ethiopia, Vietnam and Armenia.

Metabiota has been awarded a $18.iv million federal contract under the program in Georgia and Ukraine. This US visitor was as well contracted to perform work for the DTRA earlier and during the Ebola crisis in West Africa, including $3.ane million (2012-2015) for piece of work in Sierra Leone.

Southern Research Constitute has been a prime subcontractor under the DTRA program in Ukraine since 2008. The visitor was also a prime Pentagon contractor in the past, under the US Biological Weapons Program for research and development of bio-agents, with 16 contracts between 1951 and 1962.

Fort Detrick Contracts

Source: US Army Activities in the US, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. II, 1977, p. 82

Soviet Defector Produced Anthrax For The Pentagon

Anthrax defector

Bacillus anthracis, magnified more than 12,000 times

Southern Research Institute was also a subcontractor on a Pentagon programme for anthrax research in 2001. The prime contractor being Advanced Biosystems, whose president at that fourth dimension was Ken Alibek (a one-time Soviet microbiologist and biological warfare expert from Kazakhstan who defected to the US in 1992).

Ken Alibek

Ken Alibek was the First Deputy Director of Biopreparat, where he oversaw a program for biological weapon facilities and was the Soviet Union'due south main proficient on anthrax. Subsequently his defection to the United states, he was engaged on Pentagon research projects.

$250,000 For Lobbying Jeff Sessions For "Research For US Intelligence"

Southern Enquiry Constitute lobbied the U.s.a. Congress and US Department of Land hard for "issues related to research and development for U.s. intelligence" and "defence related enquiry and development." The lobbying activities coincided with the beginning of the Pentagon projects on bio-labs in Ukraine and other former Soviet states.

The visitor paid $250,000 for lobbying then-Senator Jeff Sessions in 2008-2009 (currently the US Attorney General appointed past Donald Trump), when the institute was awarded a number of federal contracts.

Jeff Sessions

Usa Attorney General Jeff Sessions, Us Senator for Alabama (1997-2017)

Watson Donald

For a 10-yr period (2006-2016) Southern Research Constitute paid $ane.28 meg for lobbying the US Senate, House of Representatives, the State Section and the Section of Defense (DoD). Senator Jeff Sessions' aide on Capitol Hill, Watson Donald, is now a Senior Director at Southern Research Institute.

Police Investigate Botulism Toxin Poisoning in Ukraine

115 Botulism cases, with 12 deaths, were reported in Ukraine in 2016.

botulism

In 2022 the Ukrainian Ministry building of Health confirmed a further 90 new cases, with 8 deaths, of botulinum toxin poisoning (i of the about poisonous biological substances known). According to local wellness authorities, the cause of the outbreak was food poisoning, into which police launched an investigation.

The Ukrainian government stopped supplying antidote in 2022 and no botulism vaccines in stock were available during the 2016-2017 outbreak.

Botulism is a rare and extremely dangerous illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.

one gm of The Toxin Tin can Kill equally Many as 1 Meg People

botulism scientist

Botulinum neurotoxin poses a major bio-weapon threat considering of its extreme potency, ease of production and send. It causes muscles paralyses, respiratory failure and ultimately death if not treated immediately. A single gram of crystalline toxin, evenly dispersed and inhaled tin impale more than one meg people. It could be disseminated via droplets, or by contamination of water and/ or food supplies.

The Pentagon Produces Live Viruses, Bacteria & Toxins

Botulinum Toxin was tested every bit a bio-weapon by the United states Regular army in the past, as well equally Anthrax, Brucella and Tularemia. Although the The states bio-weapons program was officially terminated in 1969, documents show that the military machine experiments never concluded. Presently the Pentagon produces and tests live bio-agents at the same military facility every bit it did in the past - Dugway Proving Ground.

Current Field Tests

capabilities report

Capabilities Report 2012, West Desert Test Center

By Field Tests

Biological field testing

Source: 1977 US Army Report , p. 135

Bioweapons Factory in The US

The US Army produces and tests bio-agents at a special armed forces facility located at Dugway Proving Ground (West Desert Test Center, Utah), as proven in a 2012 US Army Study. The facility is overseen past the Army Test and Evaluation Command.

The Life Sciences Partitioning (LSD) at Dugway Proving Basis is tasked with the production of bio-agents. According to the Army report, scientists from this division produce and test aerosolized bio-agents at Lothar Saloman Life Sciences Examination Facility (LSTF).

Dugway Proving Ground

capabilities report 2012

Biological Agents produced by the United states of america Army at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, The states

Source: Capabilities Written report 2012, W Desert Test Middle

The Life Sciences Division consists of an Aerosol Technology branch and a Microbiology Branch. The Aerosol Engineering science Co-operative aerosolizes biological agents and simulants. The Microbiology co-operative produces toxins, leaner, viruses and agent-like organisms which are used in chamber and field testing.

Dugway testing

Dugway testing 2

A large 1500 L fermentator.

© Dugway Proving Ground
A large 1500 Fifty fermentator.

post-production laboratory

© Dugway Proving Ground
A mail service-production laboratory dries and mills test materials.

Later the bio-agents are produced, the scientists challenge them at containment aerosol chambers.

Technicians disseminate live biological agents

© Dugway Proving Footing
Technicians disseminate alive biological agents for identification sensitivity tests.

Technicians disseminate live biological agents.

© Dugway Proving Basis

Technicians disseminate

© Dugway Proving Ground

Aerosol Experiments With Botulinum Neurotoxin And Anthrax

Documents prove that the US Army produces, possesses and tests aerosols of the well-nigh lethal toxin in the earth - Botulinum Neurotoxin. In 2022 the Section of the Ground forces purchased 100 mg of Botulinum Toxin from Metabiologics for tests at Dugway Proving Ground.

The experiments date back to 2007 when an unspecified quantity of the toxin was procured for the Department of the Regular army by the same company - Metabiologics. According to the 2012 West Desert Exam Centre Report, the military facility performs tests with Botulinum Neurotoxin Aerosol, as well as with aerosolized Anthrax, Yersinia pestis, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEE).

Containment Aerosol Chamber

Source: Capabilities Report 2012, Westward Desert Examination Center

Outdoor Field Test Programs at Dugway Proving Footing

US Army documents and photos show that the Pentagon has adult various broadcasting methods for bioterrorism attacks, including via explosives.

Capapbilities Report

Source: Capabilities Report 2012, West Desert Test Center

Dissemination of contaminants

© Dugway Proving Footing
Dissemination of contaminants for biological/chemical tests.

Dissemination of contaminants 2

© Dugway Proving Footing

Liquid Dissemination.

© Dugway Proving Ground
Liquid Dissemination.

Powder Dissemination.

© Dugway Proving Ground
Pulverization Broadcasting.

Dissemination on the test grid.

© Dugway Proving Ground
Dissemination on the exam grid.

The US Army study lists numerous broadcasting techniques, including via bio-aerosol sprayers. Such sprayers, called Micronair disseminators, take already been developed by the Usa Ground forces and tested at Dugway Proving Footing. According to the documents, they can be vehicle-mounted, or worn equally a backpack with a pump organisation, which tin can exist fitted to the unit to increment the accuracy of the release. Micronair sprayers can release fifty to 500 mL of bio-liquid simulant per minute from 12 50 tanks.

Aerosol Sprayers.

© Dugway Proving Grounds
Droplets Sprayers.

The United states Stole Leaner From Saddam Hussein'due south Bio Weapons Mill

Bacillus thuringiensis is an insect pathogen that is widely used every bit a bio-pesticide. B. thuringiensis (BT) Al Hakam was collected in Iraq past the UN Special Committee led by the US in 2003. It is named later on Al Hakam - Iraq'south bio-weapons product facility. Autonomously from Pentagon field tests, this bacterium is also used in the US for the production of GM corn, which is resistant to pests. Photos posted by the CIA prove that the leaner was nerveless by the United states in Iraq. Co-ordinate to the CIA, the vials containing bio-pesticide were recovered from an Al Hakam scientist'due south home.

CIA: A full of 97 vials - including those with labels consistent with the Al Hakam encompass stories of single-cell protein and bio-pesticides - as well as strains that could be used to produce BW agents, were recovered from a scientist'due south residence in Republic of iraq in 2003.

ammo

© CIA

Bacillus thuringiensis

Information from the United states of america federal contracts registry shows that the Pentagon performs tests using the leaner stolen from Saddam Hussein's bio-weapons factory in Republic of iraq.

DTRA project

© govtribe.com
The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) federal project for laboratory analysis and field tests with bacteria.

The tests are performed on Kirtland Air Strength Base (Kirtland is the home of the Air Forcefulness Materiel Command'south Nuclear Weapons Middle). Here weapons are being tested, pregnant that the field tests with biological simulants (leaner) also fall into this group.

The DTRA contractor on this project - Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Plant (LBERI) - operates an Brute Bio-safety 3 Level (ABSL-iii) laboratory, which has Select Amanuensis status. The facility is designed to conduct bioaerosol studies. The visitor has been awarded a v-year contract for field tests with biological simulants at Kirtland Air Strength Base.

Kirtland Air Force Base.

© Dugway Proving Basis
Kirtland Air Forcefulness Base.

Some of the tests are performed in a wind tunnel.

© Dugway Proving Ground
Some of the tests are performed in a wind tunnel.

Field Tests With Biological Simulants (Bacteria)

What the Pentagon is currently doing is exactly what it did in the past, meaning that its bio-weapons plan was never terminated. The US Army performed 27 field tests with such biological simulants, involving the public domain from 1949 to 1968, when President Nixon officially announced the cease of the programme.

hisoty bio weapons

field testing

Source: The states Army Activities in the US, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. II, 1977, p. 125-126

Field Tests in Chechnya

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), which runs the US military program at the Lugar Middle in Georgia, is declared to take already performed field tests with an unknown substance in Chechnya, Russian federation. In the spring of 2022 local citizens reported a drone disseminating white powder shut to the Russian border with Georgia. Neither the Georgian border police, nor the US personnel operating on the Georgia-Russia border, commented on this data.

$9.2 Million U.s. Military Project on Russia-Georgia Border

DTRA has full access to the Russian federation-Georgia border, granted nether a armed services programme called 'Georgia Land Edge Security Project'. The activities related to the projection accept been outsourced to a private American visitor - Parsons Regime Services International. DTRA has previously contracted Parsons for similar edge security projects in Lebanese republic, Hashemite kingdom of jordan, Libya and Syria. Parsons have been awarded a $9.2 million contract under the Pentagon border security project on the Russian federation-Georgia border.

Lugar Center Tbilisi

Local citizens in Chechnya noticed a UAV sprayer near the Russian border with Georgia in 2017.

US Defence Agency Tests GM Insects to Transmit GM Viruses

The Pentagon has invested at least $65 million in gene editing. The Us Defense Avant-garde Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has awarded 7 research teams to develop tools for genome engineering in insects, rodents and bacteria nether DARPA'southward Safe Gene program, using a novel CRISPR-Cas9 applied science.

Darpa engineering

insect weapon

Under another military program - Insect Allies - GM insects are engineered to transfer modified genes to plants. The $10.3 1000000 DARPA project includes both gene editing in insects and in the viruses that they transmit. Ecological Niche-preference Engineering science is a tertiary ongoing military program for genome engineering in insects. The Pentagon's stated objective is to engineer GM organisms then that they can resist certain temperatures, change their habitat and food sources.

ecological engineering

© fbo.gov

Genetically Engineered Humans

Likewise cistron editing in insects and in the viruses they transmit, the Pentagon wants to engineer humans as well.

genome engineering

DARPA Avant-garde Tools for Mammalian Genome Engineering Project seeks to create a biological platform within the homo trunk, using it to deliver new genetic information, and thus altering humans at the Deoxyribonucleic acid level.

DARPA wants to insert an additional 47thursday artificial chromosome into man cells. This chromosome volition evangelize new genes that will exist used for technology the man body. SynPloid Biotek LLC has been awarded two contracts under the program totaling $one.1 million (2015-2016 - $100,600 for the first phase of the enquiry; 2015-2017 - $999,300 for work which is not specified in the federal contracts registry). The visitor has simply two employees and no previous record on bio-inquiry.

Top Secret Research on Constructed Viruses

Between 2008 and 2014, the The states invested approximately $820 million in synthetic biology enquiry, Defense beingness a major correspondent. Much of the armed services projects on synthetic biology are classified, among them are a number of classified studies by the secretive JASON group of US military advisors - e.g. Emerging Viruses and Genome Editing for the Pentagon, and Synthetic Viruses for the National Counterterrorism Center.

JASON is an independent scientific informational grouping that provides consulting services to the U.South. government on matters of defense, science and technology. It was established in 1960 and most of their resulting JASON reports are classified. For administrative purposes, JASON's projects are run by the MITRE Corporation, which has contracts with the Defence Department, CIA and the FBI. Since 2022 MITRE has been awarded some $27.4 million in contracts with the DoD.

Although the JASON Reports are classified, another U.s.a. Air Force study titled Biotechnology: Genetically Engineered Pathogens, sheds some light on what the secretive JASON group has researched - five groups of genetically engineered pathogens that tin can exist used every bit bio-weapons. These are binary biological weapons (a lethal combination of two viruses), host swapping diseases (animal viruses that 'jump' to humans, like the Ebola virus), stealth viruses, and designer diseases. Designer diseases can be engineered to target a certain ethnic grouping, pregnant that they tin can be used as ethnic bio-weapons.

Ethnic Bioweapons

Ethnic biological weapon (biogenetic weapon) is a theoretical weapon that aims to primarily harm people of specific ethnicities, or genotypes.

Although officially the research and development of ethnic bio-weapons have never been publicly confirmed, documents show that the U.s.a. collects biological cloth from sure ethnic groups - Russians and Chinese.

The United states of america Air Forcefulness has been specifically collecting Russian RNA and synovial tissue samples, raising fears in Moscow of a covert Usa ethnic bio-weapons plan.

Synovial tissue

© fbo.gov

Apart from Russians, the Usa has been collecting biological material from both healthy and cancer patients in People's republic of china. The National Cancer Institute has collected biological samples from 300 subjects from Linxian, Zhengzhou, and Chengdu in China. While some other federal project, titled 'Serum Metabolic biomarkers discovery study of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in China', includes analysis of 349 serum samples which have been nerveless from Chinese patients.

Linxian, Zhengzhou

The The states National Cancer Institute has been collecting biological material from patients of the Chinese Cancer Hospital in Beijing.

Chinese biological cloth has been collected under a serial of federal projects, including saliva and cancer tissue. Among them, Genotyping Dna Samples from Lymphoma cases and from controls (healthy patients), chest cancer tissue blocks from breast cancer patients, saliva samples of 50 families who have 3 or more cases of UGI cancer, Genotype 50 SNP'S for DNA samples from the Cancer Hospital, Beijing, Genotypes from 3,000 cases of gastric cancer and 3,000 controls (salubrious patients) in Beijing.

How The Pentagon Helped Tobacco Companies to Profit From Ebola

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has invested $100 one thousand thousand in vaccine product from tobacco plants.

The companies involved in the project are endemic by the biggest American tobacco companies - Mediacago, Inc. is co-owned past Philip Morris and Kentucky BioProcessing is a subsidiary of Reynolds American, which is owned by British American Tobacco. Currently they are producing Flu and Ebola vaccines from tobacco plants.

The $100 meg program Bluish Angel was launched as a response to the H1N1 pandemic in 2009. Medicago was awarded $21 1000000 to produce x,000 million doses of an influenza vaccine within 1 month.

Blueish Affections programme director Dr. John Julias explains: "Although at that place are multiple plant species and other organisms being explored as alternative protein product platforms, the US Government has continued to make an investment in tobacco-based manufacturing."

Tobacco plants

© DARPA

The plant-based vaccine product method works past isolating a specific antigen protein that triggers a homo immune response from the targeted virus. A gene from the protein is transferred to leaner, which is used to infect plants. The plants and so start producing the protein that volition be used for vaccinations.

It is not clear why the Pentagon chooses to invest in vaccines produced from tobacco plants, from amongst all other plant species they explored. Medicago, co-endemic by Philip Morris, paid $495,000 for lobbying the Department of Defense, Congress and the Department of Health and Human Services for "funding to accelerate technology to support public health preparedness applications." The Pentagon funded tobacco companies to develop new technology and to turn a profit from vaccines.

Biological Experiments Are State of war Crimes

Article 8 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) defines biological experiments as war crimes. The US, withal, is not a land political party to the international treaty, and cannot be held accountable for its war crimes.